IIHS：现代小车的安全性提高，死亡率下降
从千分之4.4下降到千分之1.6，看样子侧气囊的加装和车身结构的改变是各种非要原因~ IIHS原文：Effort to make SUVs, pickups less deadly to car occupants in crashes is paying off
ARLINGTON, VA - Today's SUVs and pickups pose far less risk to people in cars and minivans than previous generations, a new study from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety shows.
Until recently, SUVs and pickups were more likely than cars or minivans of the same weight to be involved in crashes that killed occupants of other cars or minivans. That's no longer the case for SUVs, and for pickups the higher risk is much less pronounced than it had been.
For example, among 1-4-year-old vehicles weighing 3,000-3,499 pounds, SUVs were involved in crashes that killed car/minivan occupants at a rate of 44 deaths per million registered vehicle years in 2000-01. That rate dropped by nearly two-thirds to 16 in 2008-09. In comparison, cars and minivans in the same weight category were involved in the deaths of other car/minivan occupants at a slightly higher rate of 17 per million in 2008-09.
The researchers attribute much of the change to two things: improved crash protection in the cars and minivans, thanks to side airbags and stronger structures, and newer designs of SUVs and pickups that align their front-end energy-absorbing structures with those of cars.
Lifesaving cooperation: The more compatible designs are the result of efforts by automakers, the government, and the Institute to address the problem of mismatched vehicles.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration asked automakers to address the compatibility issue amid concern about the changing vehicle mix on U.S. roads. In response, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, the Association of Global Automakers, and the Institute led a series of meetings in 2003 to come up with solutions. Participating automakers included BMW, Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, Honda, Hyundai, Isuzu, Kia, Mazda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Subaru, Suzuki, Toyota, and Volkswagen.
The companies agreed to build the front ends of SUVs and pickups so that their energy-absorbing structures would line up better with those of cars, reducing the likelihood that an SUV or pickup would override a car in a collision. Better alignment allows both vehicles' front ends to manage the crash energy, helping to keep it away from the occupant compartments.
The automakers also pledged to strengthen head protection in all vehicles in order to improve outcomes when an SUV or pickup strikes another vehicle in the side. They accomplished this by installing more head-protecting side airbags.
"By working together, the automakers got life-saving changes done quickly," says Joe Nolan, the Institute's chief administrative officer and a co-author of the new study. "The new designs have made a big difference on the road."
The deadline for implementing the compatibility changes was September 2009, but many of the 2004-08 models in the study already complied. Among 2004 models, 54 percent of SUVs and pickups met the front-end requirements, and among 2007 models, 81 percent did.
How the study was done: Institute researchers looked at 1-4-year-old SUVs, pickups, and cars/minivans in 2000-01 and 2008-09 and compared the number of car and minivan occupants killed in 2-vehicle crashes with those models per million registered vehicle years. (A registered vehicle year is 1 vehicle registered for 1 year, 2 for 6 months, etc.) The cars or minivans in which people were killed, known as crash partner vehicles, could be of any age, size, and weight. Data on crash deaths came from the federal Fatality Analysis Reporting System, and registration information came from R.L. Polk & Co.
In both 2000-01 and 2008-09, the number of crash partner deaths generally went up as vehicle weight increased. This isn't surprising since vehicle weight is a key factor in the outcome of crashes. However, in the first period, SUVs were more deadly to people in other vehicles than cars of the same weight, and pickups were more deadly than SUVs.
Between 2000-01 and 2008-09, the rate of crash partner deaths declined for all weight categories of all 3 types of vehicles, except the relatively small group of cars and minivans weighing 4,500-4,999 pounds. Improvements in occupant protection in the crash partner cars and minivans helped lower the number of deaths. The spread of ESC, as well as changes in travel patterns due to the sluggish economy and high gas prices, likely also contributed to this decline.
Crash partner death rates for pickups, SUVs, and cars/minivans in 2008-09 weren't as far apart as they were in 2000-01. Among 1-4-year-old vehicles in a given weight category, an SUV usually posed no more risk to people in a car or minivan than another car or minivan. Pickups still fatally injured people in cars and minivans at a higher rate, particularly in frontal crashes.
"Pickups lagged behind other vehicles in getting ESC, and designs of some top-selling models were slow to change. Those facts help explain why the numbers didn't improve as much for pickups as for SUVs," Nolan says. "Also, pickups often carry loads, so the trucks in these crashes could be a good deal heavier than their curb weights."
The results don't contradict the basic physics of crashes. Size and weight are still key, and a small, lightweight vehicle is going to fare worse than a big, heavy vehicle in a crash. In general, SUVs and pickups are heavier than cars, so in that sense different types of vehicles always will be mismatched. But the study shows that, beyond weight, differences in vehicle styles don't have to be a safety problem.
Safer SUVs: The study of car/minivan crash partner deaths is the latest piece of Institute research showing that SUVs aren't the safety concern they once were. Recently calculated driver death rates for 2005-08 models show that drivers of SUVs are among the least likely to die in a crash. That change is due largely to ESC.
"Whether you're in an SUV or just sharing the road with one," Nolan says, "recent improvements to these vehicles are making you safer." F大，英文真好……chinway18tiger BlackGold 发表于 2011-9-29 15:48 static/image/common/back.gif
F大，英文真好……
好、、、就翻译出来了~~gochinway02；） 世嘉除了豪华版有侧气囊，其他都木有gochinway19；）我的木有 lalphbet 发表于 2011-9-29 19:35 static/image/common/back.gif
世嘉除了豪华版有侧气囊，其他都木有我的木有
俺不要。。。gochinway03；） 桶椅足矣！ 英文很差 但是我会翻墙 bsF大他懒 大家凑合看吧
IIHS的原文：
努力使越野车，皮卡致命崩溃车内的人已经初显成效
阿灵顿，弗吉尼亚州 - 今天的SUV和皮卡构成前几代的风险远远小于人们在汽车和小型货车，从公路安全说明保险研究所的一个新的研究。
直到最近，SUV和皮卡更可能比相同重量要参与杀害其他车或小型货车的住户在崩溃的汽车或小型货车的。这不再是越野车的情况下，较高的风险和皮卡比已明显要少得多。
例如，在1 - 4岁体重3,000-3,499英镑的车辆，越野车参与崩溃，在2000-01年度，每百万年登记的车辆44人死亡的速度打死车/面包车驾乘。至16日，在2008-09年度，这一比率下降了近三分之二。相比之下，相同重量类别的汽车和小型货车的参与率在万元在2008-09年度的17％略高的其他车/面包车住户死亡。
研究人员属性的变化，两件事情：提高轿车和小型货车碰撞保护，由于侧安全气囊和更强的结构，新的设计和调整其前端与汽车的能量吸收结构的SUV和皮卡。
救生合作：更兼容的设计是由汽车制造商，政府，研究所，以解决不匹配的车辆的问题的努力的结果。
国家公路交通安全管理局要求汽车制造商，以解决相容性问题中有关美国的道路上不断变化的车辆混合的关注。对此，汽车制造商，全球汽车制造商协会，研究所的联盟领导的一系列会议于2003年拿出解决方案。参与的汽车制造商包括宝马，克莱斯勒，福特，通用，本田，现代，五十铃，起亚，马自达，奔驰，三菱，尼桑，斯巴鲁，铃木，丰田和大众。
该公司同意建立SUV和皮卡的前端，使他们的能量吸收结构，将线车，减少SUV或皮卡将覆盖在汽车碰撞的可能性。更好地调整，使得这两款车的前端管理的碰撞能量，有助于保持乘员舱。
汽车制造商还承诺加强在所有车辆的头部保护，以提高结果时，SUV或皮卡罢工在一旁的另一辆汽车。他们完成了安装更多的头部保护侧安全气囊。
“通过合作，汽车制造商获得拯救生命的变化，迅速完成，乔说：”诺兰，该研究所的首席行政官员和一个新的研究的共同作者。 “新设计的道路上作出了很大的区别。”
实施的配伍变化的截止日期是2009年9月，但许多人已经在研究2004-08型号遵守。在2004年车型中，有54％的SUV和皮卡会见了前端的要求，并在2007年车型中，有81％的人。
这项研究是如何做的：看着研究所的研究人员在1 - 4岁的越野车，皮卡，轿车/小型货车在2000-01年度和2008-09年度相比2车祸中丧生的那些车和小型货车驾乘每万登记的车辆，车型。 （登记的车辆年1车辆登记6个月，等1年，2）在其中的人死亡，被称为崩溃的合作伙伴车辆的车或微型面包车，可以在任何年龄，尺寸和重量。坠毁死亡的数据来自联邦的死亡个案分析报告系统，从RL波尔卡公司和注册信息
在2000-01和2008-09，崩溃的合作伙伴死亡的人数普遍上升，整车重量增加。这并不奇怪，因为车辆的重量是在崩溃的结果的关键因素。然而，在第一阶段，越野车被其他车辆的人更致命，比同等重量的汽车，和皮卡比SUV的致命。
2000-01和2008-09年间，崩溃合伙人死亡率下降为所有3种类型的所有车辆重量类别，除了轿车和小型货车，体重4,500-4,999英镑相对较小的群体。在崩溃的合作伙伴轿车和小型货车在乘员保护的改进包括：有助于降低死亡人数。人事编制小组委员会，以及由于经济不景气和高油价的旅游模式的变化的传播，也可能造成这种下降。
崩溃的合作伙伴，皮卡，越野车，并在2008-09年度车/小型货车的死亡率分别为相距甚远，因为他们在2000-01年度。在1 - 4岁的车辆在给定的重量类别，SUV的通常构成比另一辆汽车或面包车一辆车或面包车的人没有更多的风险。皮卡仍然致命的受伤率较高，特别是在正面碰撞，人们在汽车和小型货车。
“皮卡获得ESC落后其他车辆，以及一些最畅销的车型的设计变化缓慢，这些事实有助于解释为什么这些数字并没有改善皮卡为尽可能多的越野车，”诺兰说。 “此外，皮卡往往承受荷载，所以在这些崩溃的卡车可能是一个很好的处理比其遏制重量重。”
结果并不矛盾崩溃的基本物理。尺寸和重量仍然是关键，和一个小，重量轻的车辆将票价比一个大，重型车辆在碰撞更糟。在一般情况下，SUV和皮卡比车重，所以在这个意义上说，不同类型的车辆总是会不匹配。但研究表明，超出重量，车辆风格的差异不会有安全问题。
更安全的SUV车/面包车碰撞合伙人死亡的研究是研究所的研究显示，越野车是不是安全的关注，他们曾经是最新的一块。最近计算的死亡率为2005-08型号的驱动程序表明，SUV的司机，至少有可能死在崩溃。这一变化在很大程度上是由于向人事编制小组。
“无论你是在SUV或只是用一个共享的道路，”诺兰说，“这些车辆最近的改进使您更安全。”
ls_mumu 发表于 2011-9-29 22:36 static/image/common/back.gif
英文很差 但是我会翻墙 bsF大他懒 大家凑合看吧
IIHS的原文：
翻墙谁不会啊·~~~不翻墙也能用谷歌翻译啊？！gochinway06；） 主要是不准~ 不过还是要奖励的~gochinway04；） 所以我说你懒。。现在翻 墙IE不行了要用别的嘿嘿。gg翻译至少大家能看明白大概意思吗
页:
[1]
2